cbcvebase.
CVE-2021-31195
published 2021-05-11

CVE-2021-31195: Microsoft Exchange Server Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

PriorityP276high8.8CVSS 3.1
AVNACLPRNUIRSUCHIHAH
EXPLOIT
EPSS
73.68%
99.4th percentile
Microsoft Exchange Server Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

Affected

13 ranges
VendorProductVersion rangeFixed in
microsoftexchange_server
microsoftexchange_server
microsoftexchange_server
microsoftmicrosoft_exchange_server_2013_cumulative_update_23>= 15.00.0 < 15.00.1497.01815.00.1497.018
microsoftmicrosoft_exchange_server_2016_cumulative_update_19>= 15.01.0 < 15.01.2176.01415.01.2176.014
microsoftmicrosoft_exchange_server_2016_cumulative_update_20>= 15.01.0 < 15.01.2242.01015.01.2242.010
microsoftmicrosoft_exchange_server_2019_cumulative_update_8>= 15.02.0 < 15.02.0792.01515.02.0792.015
microsoftmicrosoft_exchange_server_2019_cumulative_update_9>= 15.02.0 < 15.02.0858.01215.02.0858.012
msrcmicrosoft_exchange_server_2013_cumulative_update_23
msrcmicrosoft_exchange_server_2016_cumulative_update_19
msrcmicrosoft_exchange_server_2016_cumulative_update_20
msrcmicrosoft_exchange_server_2019_cumulative_update_8
msrcmicrosoft_exchange_server_2019_cumulative_update_9

Detection & IOCsextracted from sources · hover to see the quote

url/owa/auth/frowny.aspx?app=people&et=ServerError&esrc=MasterPage&te=\&refurl=}}};alert(document.domain)//
path/owa/auth/frowny.aspx
  • HTTP GET request to /owa/auth/frowny.aspx with XSS payload in the `refurl` parameter; look for HTTP 500 response containing both 'alert(document.domain)//&et=ServerError' and 'mail/bootr.ashx' in the response body with Content-Type: text/html
  • Identify exposed Microsoft Exchange / OWA instances via Shodan using title 'Outlook' or favicon hash 1768726119
  • Identify exposed Microsoft Exchange / OWA instances via FOFA using title 'outlook' or icon_hash 1768726119
  • Response body reflection of the XSS payload string 'alert(document.domain)//&et=ServerError' alongside 'mail/bootr.ashx' confirms the vulnerable endpoint
  • ·The vulnerability is specifically in the `refurl` parameter of frowny.aspx (OWA); exploitation requires user interaction (UI:R) per CVSS scoring, meaning the attacker must trick a victim into visiting a crafted URL
  • ·Detection relies on an HTTP 500 status code being returned alongside reflected XSS payload content — a non-500 response would not trigger the matcher even if the endpoint exists
  • ·Affected CPE is specifically Microsoft Exchange Server 2013 Cumulative Update 23; other Exchange versions may also be affected per MSRC advisory

CVSS provenance

nvdv3.18.8HIGHCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
nvdv2.06.8MEDIUMAV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P
vendor_msrc6.5MEDIUM
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