CVE-2021-37976
published 2021-10-08CVE-2021-37976: Inappropriate implementation in Memory in Google Chrome prior to 94.0.4606.71 allowed a remote attacker to obtain potentially sensitive information from…
PriorityP277medium6.5CVSS 3.1
AVNACLPRNUIRSUCHINAN
KEVITW
CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilitydue 2021-11-17
Exploited in the wild
EPSS
19.90%
97.1th percentile
Inappropriate implementation in Memory in Google Chrome prior to 94.0.4606.71 allowed a remote attacker to obtain potentially sensitive information from process memory via a crafted HTML page.
Affected
14 ranges
| Vendor | Product | Version range | Fixed in |
|---|---|---|---|
| chromium | chromium | >= 0 < 97.0.4692.71-0.1~deb11u1 | 97.0.4692.71-0.1~deb11u1 |
| chromium | chromium | >= 0 < 97.0.4692.71-0.1 | 97.0.4692.71-0.1 |
| chromium | chromium | >= 0 < 97.0.4692.71-0.1 | 97.0.4692.71-0.1 |
| chromium | chromium | >= 0 < 97.0.4692.71-0.1 | 97.0.4692.71-0.1 |
| debian | chromium | < chromium 97.0.4692.71-0.1 (bookworm) | chromium 97.0.4692.71-0.1 (bookworm) |
| debian | debian_linux | — | — |
| debian | debian_linux | — | — |
| fedoraproject | fedora | — | — |
| fedoraproject | fedora | — | — |
| fedoraproject | fedora | — | — |
| chrome | < 94.0.4606.71 | 94.0.4606.71 | |
| chrome | >= unspecified < 94.0.4606.71 | 94.0.4606.71 | |
| chrome_chrome | — | — | |
| msrc | microsoft_edge | — | — |
Detection & IOCsextracted from sources · hover to see the quote
- →CVE-2021-37976 was exploited in the wild as part of a chained exploit sequence (alongside CVE-2021-37973, CVE-2021-38000, CVE-2021-38003, CVE-2021-1048) to deliver the ALIEN/PREDATOR spyware implant via a one-click link. ↗
- →The ALIEN spyware component injects into the zygote64 process on Android; monitor for unexpected code injection or anomalous child processes spawned from zygote64. ↗
- →Presence of the file fs.db (an encrypted SQLite3 database) on an Android device may indicate PREDATOR spyware activity. ↗
- →The ALIEN component configuration embeds a URL used to download the PREDATOR component; network monitoring for anomalous download requests from privileged Android processes may reveal C2 activity. ↗
- →This vulnerability is confirmed exploited in the wild per CISA KEV; prioritize detection on Chromium-based browsers including Google Chrome, Microsoft Edge, and Opera prior to version 94.0.4606.71. ↗
- ·The PREDATOR spyware uses a privilege escalation method called QUAILEGGS; without access to the QUAILEGGS code, the exact exploitation mechanism cannot be confirmed, though CVE-2021-1048 is assessed as the likely target. ↗
- ·Two PREDATOR components — 'tcore' (core spyware functionality) and 'kmem' (kernel read/write) — were not obtained for analysis; full detection coverage of the implant is therefore incomplete. ↗
- ·ALIEN's initial loading mechanism is unknown; it is assessed to be loaded from shellcode executed by the initial exploit stage, but this has not been confirmed. ↗
CVSS provenance
nvdv3.16.5MEDIUMCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
nvdv2.04.3MEDIUMAV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:N/A:N
osv6.5MEDIUM
vulncheck6.5MEDIUM
cisa6.5MEDIUM
vendor_debian6.5MEDIUM
vendor_msrc6.5MEDIUM
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CISA
Google Chromium Information Disclosure Vulnerability
cisa·2021-11-03·CVSS 6.5
CVE-2021-37976 [MEDIUM] CWE-862 Google Chromium Information Disclosure Vulnerability
Vulnerability: Google Chromium Information Disclosure Vulnerability
Affected: Google Chromium
Google Chromium contains an information disclosure vulnerability within the core memory component that allows a remote attacker to obtain potentially sensitive information from process memory via a crafted HTML page. This vulnerability could affect multiple web browsers that utilize Chromium, including, but not limited to, Google Chrome, Microsoft Edge, and Opera.
Required Action: Apply updates per vendor instructions.
Notes: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-37976
Remediation Due Date: 2021-11-17
Microsoft
Chromium: CVE-2021-37976 Information leak in core
vendor_msrc·2021-10-12·CVSS 6.5
CVE-2021-37976 [MEDIUM] Chromium: CVE-2021-37976 Information leak in core
Chromium: CVE-2021-37976 Information leak in core
Description: This CVE was assigned by Chrome. Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) ingests Chromium, which addresses this vulnerability. Please see Google Chrome Releases for more information.
This vulnerability is known to be exploited in the wild.
FAQ: What is the version information for this release?
Microsoft Edge Version
Date Released
Based on Chromium Version
94.0.992.38
10/01/2021
94.0.4606.71
FAQ: Why is this Chrome CVE included in the Security Update Guide?
The vulnerability assigned to this CVE is in Chromium Open Source Software (OSS) which is consumed by Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based). It is being documented in the Security Update Guide to announce that the latest version of Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) is no longer vulne
Chrome
Stable Channel Update for Desktop: CVE-2021-37974
vendor_chrome·2021-09-30·CVSS 8.8
CVE-2021-37974 [HIGH] Stable Channel Update for Desktop: CVE-2021-37974
Stable Channel Update for Desktop
CVE-2021-37974: Use after free in Safe Browsing. Reported by Weipeng Jiang (@Krace) from Codesafe Team of Legendsec at Qi'anxin Group on 2021-09-01 [$TBD][ 1252918 ] High CVE-2021-37975 : Use after free in V8
Reported by Anonymous on 2021-09-24 [$NA][ 1251787 ] Medium CVE-2021-37976 : Information leak in core
Severity: high
Debian
CVE-2021-37976: chromium - Inappropriate implementation in Memory in Google Chrome prior to 94.0.4606.71 al...
vendor_debian·2021·CVSS 6.5
CVE-2021-37976 [MEDIUM] CVE-2021-37976: chromium - Inappropriate implementation in Memory in Google Chrome prior to 94.0.4606.71 al...
Inappropriate implementation in Memory in Google Chrome prior to 94.0.4606.71 allowed a remote attacker to obtain potentially sensitive information from process memory via a crafted HTML page.
Scope: local
bookworm: resolved (fixed in 97.0.4692.71-0.1)
bullseye: resolved (fixed in 97.0.4692.71-0.1~deb11u1)
forky: resolved (fixed in 97.0.4692.71-0.1)
sid: resolved (fixed in 97.0.4692.71-0.1)
trixie: resolved (fixed in 97.0.4692.71-0.1)
GHSA
GHSA-c9r9-7qcg-7h37: Inappropriate implementation in Memory in Google Chrome prior to 94
ghsa_unreviewed·2022-05-24
CVE-2021-37976 [MEDIUM] CWE-862 GHSA-c9r9-7qcg-7h37: Inappropriate implementation in Memory in Google Chrome prior to 94
Inappropriate implementation in Memory in Google Chrome prior to 94.0.4606.71 allowed a remote attacker to obtain potentially sensitive information from process memory via a crafted HTML page.
Project0
The More You Know, The More You Know You Don’t Know - Project Zero
project_zero·2022-04-01
CVE-2016-4654 The More You Know, The More You Know You Don’t Know - Project Zero
A Year in Review of 0-days Used In-the-Wild in 2021
Posted by Maddie Stone, Google Project Zero
This is our third annual year in review of 0-days exploited in-the-wild [2020, 2019]. Each year we’ve looked back at all of the detected and disclosed in-the-wild 0-days as a group and synthesized what we think the trends and takeaways are. The goal of this report is not to detail each individual exploit, but instead to analyze the exploits from the year as a group, looking for trends, gaps, lessons learned, successes, etc. If you’re interested in the analysis of individual exploits, please check out our root cause analysis repository.
We perform and share this analysis in order to make 0-day hard. We want it to be more costly, more resource intensive, and overall more difficult for
OSV
CVE-2021-37976: Inappropriate implementation in Memory in Google Chrome prior to 94
osv·2021-10-08·CVSS 6.5
CVE-2021-37976 [MEDIUM] CVE-2021-37976: Inappropriate implementation in Memory in Google Chrome prior to 94
Inappropriate implementation in Memory in Google Chrome prior to 94.0.4606.71 allowed a remote attacker to obtain potentially sensitive information from process memory via a crafted HTML page.
VulnCheck
Google Chromium Information Disclosure Vulnerability
vulncheck·2021·CVSS 6.5
CVE-2021-37976 [MEDIUM] CWE-862 Google Chromium Information Disclosure Vulnerability
Google Chromium Information Disclosure Vulnerability
Google Chromium contains an information disclosure vulnerability within the core memory component that allows a remote attacker to obtain potentially sensitive information from process memory via a crafted HTML page. This vulnerability could affect multiple web browsers that utilize Chromium, including, but not limited to, Google Chrome, Microsoft Edge, and Opera.
Affected: Google Chromium
Required Action: Apply updates per vendor instructions.
Exploitation References: https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1lkNJ0uQwbeC1ZTRrxdtuPLCIl7mlUreoKfSIgajnSyY/edit; https://blog.google/threat-analysis-group/analyzing-watering-hole-campaign-using-macos-exploits/; https://www.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/feeds/known_exploited_vulnerabilities.js
No detection rules found.
No public exploits indexed.
Mandiant
Intellexa’s Prolific Zero-Day Exploits Continue
blogs_mandiant·2025-12-03
Intellexa’s Prolific Zero-Day Exploits Continue
Threat Intelligence
# Sanctioned but Still Spying: Intellexa’s Prolific Zero-Day Exploits Continue
December 3, 2025
##### Google Threat Intelligence Group
##### Google Threat Intelligence
Visibility and context on the threats that matter most.
Contact Us & Get a Demo
### Introduction
Despite extensive scrutiny and public reporting, commercial surveillance vendors continue to operate unimpeded. A prominent name continues to surface in the world of mercenary spyware, Intellexa. Known for its “Predator” spyware, the company was sanctioned by the US Government. New Google Threat Intelligence Group (GTIG) analysis shows that Intellexa is evading restrictions and thriving.
Intellexa has adapted, evaded restrictions, and continues selling digital weapons to the highest bidders. Alongside
Mandiant
Sanctioned but Still Spying: Intellexa’s Prolific Zero-Day Exploits Continue
blogs_mandiant·2025-12-03
Sanctioned but Still Spying: Intellexa’s Prolific Zero-Day Exploits Continue
## Sanctioned but Still Spying: Intellexa’s Prolific Zero-Day Exploits Continue
## Google Threat Intelligence Group
## Google Threat Intelligence
Visibility and context on the threats that matter most.
## Introduction
Despite extensive scrutiny and public reporting , commercial surveillance vendors continue to operate unimpeded. A prominent name continues to surface in the world of mercenary spyware, Intellexa. Known for its “Predator” spyware, the company was sanctioned by the US Government . New Google Threat Intelligence Group (GTIG) analysis shows that Intellexa is evading restrictions and thriving .
Intellexa has adapted, evaded restrictions, and continues selling digital weapons to the highest bidders. Alongside research published by our colleagues from Recorded Future and Amne
Talos
Mercenary mayhem: A technical analysis of Intellexa's PREDATOR spyware
blogs_talos·2023-05-25
Mercenary mayhem: A technical analysis of Intellexa's PREDATOR spyware
We would like to thank The Citizen Lab for their cooperation, support and inputs into this research.
- Commercial spyware use is on the rise, with actors leveraging these sophisticated tools to conduct surveillance operations against a growing number of targets. Cisco Talos has new details of a commercial spyware product sold by the spyware firm Intellexa (formerly known as Cytrox).
- Our research specifically looks at two components of this mobile spyware suite known as “ALIEN” and “PREDATOR,” which compose the backbone of the spyware implant. Our findings include an in-depth walkthrough of the infection chain, including the implants’ various information-stealing capabilities.
- A deep dive into both spyware components indicates that ALIEN is more than just a loader for PREDATOR and acti
Talos
Mercenary mayhem: A technical analysis of Intellexa's PREDATOR spyware
blogs_talos·2023-05-25
Mercenary mayhem: A technical analysis of Intellexa's PREDATOR spyware
## Mercenary mayhem: A technical analysis of Intellexa's PREDATOR spyware
We would like to thank The Citizen Lab for their cooperation, support and inputs into this research.
Commercial spyware use is on the rise, with actors leveraging these sophisticated tools to conduct surveillance operations against a growing number of targets. Cisco Talos has new details of a commercial spyware product sold by the spyware firm Intellexa (formerly known as Cytrox).
Our research specifically looks at two components of this mobile spyware suite known as “ALIEN” and “PREDATOR,” which compose the backbone of the spyware implant. Our findings include an in-depth walkthrough of the infection chain, including the implants’ various information-stealing capabilities.
A deep dive into both spyware component
Qualys
Managing CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities with Qualys VMDR | Qualys
blogs_qualys·2022-02-23
Managing CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities with Qualys VMDR | Qualys
#### Table of Contents
- Situation
- Directive Scope
- CISA Catalog of Known Exploited Vulnerabilities
- Detect CISA Vulnerabilities Using Qualys VMDR
- CISA Exploited RTI
- Detailed Operational Dashboard
- Remediation
- Federal Enterprises and Agencies Can Act Now
- Summary
- Getting Started
CISA released a directive in November 2021, recommending urgent and prioritized remediation of actively exploited vulnerabilities. Both government agencies and corporations should heed this advice. This blog outlines how Qualys Vulnerability Management, Detection & Response can be used by any organization to respond to this directive efficiently and effectively.
## Situation
Last November 2021, the U.S. Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) released a Binding Operational Directiv
Qualys
Qualys Response to CISA Alert: Binding Operational Directive 22-01
blogs_qualys·2021-11-09
Qualys Response to CISA Alert: Binding Operational Directive 22-01
## Table of Contents
Overview
Directive Scope
CISA Catalog of Known Exploited Vulnerabilities
Detect CISAs Vulnerabilities Using Qualys VMDR
Remediation
Federal Enterprises and Agencies Can Act Now
Summary
Getting Started
Start your VMDR 30-day, no-cost trial today
## Overview
On November 3, 2021, the U.S. Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) released a Binding Operational Directive 22-01 , “Reducing the Significant Risk of Known Exploited Vulnerabilities.” This directive recommends urgent and prioritized remediation of the vulnerabilities that adversaries are actively exploiting. It establishes a CISA-managed catalog of known exploited vulnerabilities that carry significant risk to the federal government and establishes requirements for agencies to remediate
Qualys
Qualys Response to CISA Alert: Binding Operational Directive 22-01 | Qualys
blogs_qualys·2021-11-09
Qualys Response to CISA Alert: Binding Operational Directive 22-01 | Qualys
#### Table of Contents
- Overview
- Directive Scope
- CISA Catalog of Known Exploited Vulnerabilities
- Detect CISAs Vulnerabilities Using Qualys VMDR
- Remediation
- Federal Enterprises and Agencies Can Act Now
- Summary
- Getting Started
Start your VMDR 30-day, no-cost trial today
## Overview
On November 3, 2021, the U.S. Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) released a Binding Operational Directive 22-01, “Reducing the Significant Risk of Known Exploited Vulnerabilities.” This directive recommends urgent and prioritized remediation of the vulnerabilities that adversaries are actively exploiting. It establishes a CISA-managed catalog of known exploited vulnerabilities that carry significant risk to the federal government and establishes requirements for agencies to
Checkpoint
4th October – Threat Intelligence Report
blogs_checkpoint·2021-10-04
CVE-2021-37975 4th October – Threat Intelligence Report
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## 4th October – Threat Intelligence Report
For the latest discoveries in cyber research for the week of 4th October, please download our Threat Intelligence Bulletin .
Top Attacks and Breaches
Check Point Research has discovered cyber attacks against the users of PIX, the instant payment solution created and managed by the Brazilian Central Bank. The attackers distributed two different variants of banking malware, named PixStealer and MalRhino, through two separate malicious applications on Google’s Play Store to
https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2021/09/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_30.htmlhttps://crbug.com/1251787https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/D63JZ3ROXCUHP4CFWDHCPZNTGET7T34R/https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/FRFXUDH46PFVE75VQVWY6PYY5DK3S2XT/https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/RNARCF5HEZK7GJXZRN5TQ45AQDCRM2WO/https://www.debian.org/security/2022/dsa-5046https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2021/09/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_30.htmlhttps://crbug.com/1251787https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/D63JZ3ROXCUHP4CFWDHCPZNTGET7T34R/https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/FRFXUDH46PFVE75VQVWY6PYY5DK3S2XT/https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/RNARCF5HEZK7GJXZRN5TQ45AQDCRM2WO/https://www.debian.org/security/2022/dsa-5046https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2021-37976
2021-10-08
Published
2021-11-03
Added to CISA KEV
Exploited in the wild