cbcvebase.
CVE-2021-4044
published 2021-12-14

CVE-2021-4044: Internally libssl in OpenSSL calls X509_verify_cert() on the client side to verify a certificate supplied by a server. That function may return a negative…

PriorityP355high7.5CVSS 3.1
AVNACLPRNUINSUCNINAH
EPSS
50.10%
98.8th percentile
Internally libssl in OpenSSL calls X509_verify_cert() on the client side to verify a certificate supplied by a server. That function may return a negative return value to indicate an internal error (for example out of memory). Such a negative return value is mishandled by OpenSSL and will cause an IO function (such as SSL_connect() or SSL_do_handshake()) to not indicate success and a subsequent call to SSL_get_error() to return the value SSL_ERROR_WANT_RETRY_VERIFY. This return value is only supposed to be returned by OpenSSL if the application has previously called SSL_CTX_set_cert_verify_callback(). Since most applications do not do this the SSL_ERROR_WANT_RETRY_VERIFY return value from SSL_get_error() will be totally unexpected and applications may not behave correctly as a result. The exact behaviour will depend on the application but it could result in crashes, infinite loops or other similar incorrect responses. This issue is made more serious in combination with a separate bug in OpenSSL 3.0 that will cause X509_verify_cert() to indicate an internal error when processing a certificate chain. This will occur where a certificate does not include the Subject Alternative Name extension but where a Certificate Authority has enforced name constraints. This issue can occur even with valid chains. By combining the two issues an attacker could induce incorrect, application dependent behaviour. Fixed in OpenSSL 3.0.1 (Affected 3.0.0).

Affected

14 ranges
VendorProductVersion rangeFixed in
debianopenssl
nodejsnode.js>= 17.0.0 < 17.3.017.3.0
opensslopenssl< 1.0.21.0.2
opensslopenssl
opensslopenssl
opensslopenssl
opensslopenssl>= 0 < 3.0.1-r03.0.1-r0
opensslopenssl>= 0 < 3.0.1-r03.0.1-r0
opensslopenssl>= 0 < 3.0.1-r03.0.1-r0
opensslopenssl>= 0 < 3.0.1-r03.0.1-r0
opensslopenssl>= 0 < 3.0.1-r03.0.1-r0
opensslopenssl>= 0 < 3.0.1-r03.0.1-r0
opensslopenssl>= 0 < 3.0.1-r03.0.1-r0
paloaltopan-os

Detection & IOCsextracted from sources · hover to see the quote

  • Affected version is exclusively OpenSSL 3.0.0 SSL/TLS clients; presence of this version in an environment indicates exposure to CVE-2021-4044
  • Trigger condition: a certificate chain where the certificate lacks the Subject Alternative Name extension AND a CA has enforced name constraints — this causes X509_verify_cert() to return an internal error, which combined with the mishandling bug can be used to induce incorrect application behaviour
  • Observable symptom for detection: an SSL/TLS client application returning SSL_ERROR_WANT_RETRY_VERIFY from SSL_get_error() without having registered SSL_CTX_set_cert_verify_callback() is a strong indicator of exploitation or triggering of this bug
  • Behavioural indicators of exploitation include application crashes, infinite loops, or other anomalous responses in OpenSSL 3.0.0 TLS clients during certificate verification
  • ·Only OpenSSL 3.0.0 is affected; OpenSSL 1.1.1 and 1.0.2 are explicitly NOT affected, so detections should be scoped to environments running OpenSSL 3.0.0
  • ·Red Hat shipped versions of OpenSSL (RHEL 6, 7, 8, 9, JBoss, etc.) are all confirmed not affected — do not flag these as vulnerable
  • ·The vulnerability is client-side only; libssl calls X509_verify_cert() on the client side during server certificate verification — server-side OpenSSL instances are not the attack surface
  • ·The bug is most dangerous when combined with a second OpenSSL 3.0 bug (missing SAN + CA name constraints); either bug alone has reduced impact

CVSS provenance

nvdv3.17.5HIGHCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
nvdv2.05.0MEDIUMAV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:N/A:P
osv7.5HIGH
vendor_debian7.5LOW
vendor_redhat7.5HIGH
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