CVE-2023-41892
published 2023-09-13CVE-2023-41892: Craft CMS is a platform for creating digital experiences. This is a high-impact, low-complexity attack vector. Users running Craft installations before 4.4.15…
PriorityP190critical9.8CVSS 3.1
AVNACLPRNUINSUCHIHAH
ITWEXPLOITVulnCheck KEVInitial access
Exploited in the wild
EPSS
92.92%
99.8th percentile
Craft CMS is a platform for creating digital experiences. This is a high-impact, low-complexity attack vector. Users running Craft installations before 4.4.15 are encouraged to update to at least that version to mitigate the issue. This issue has been fixed in Craft CMS 4.4.15.
Affected
8 ranges
| Vendor | Product | Version range | Fixed in |
|---|---|---|---|
| craftcms | cms | — | — |
| craftcms | cms | — | — |
| craftcms | cms | — | — |
| craftcms | cms | >= 4.0.0-RC1 < 4.4.15 | 4.4.15 |
| craftcms | craft_cms | >= 3.0.0 < 3.9.15 | 3.9.15 |
| craftcms | craft_cms | >= 4.0.0 < 4.14.15 | 4.14.15 |
| craftcms | craft_cms | >= 4.4.0 < 4.4.15 | 4.4.15 |
| craftcms | craft_cms | >= 5.0.0 < 5.6.17 | 5.6.17 |
Detection & IOCsextracted from sources · hover to see the quote
path/index.php
commandaction=conditions/render&test[userCondition]=craft\elements\conditions\users\UserCondition&config={"name":"test[userCondition]","as xyz":{"class":"\\GuzzleHttp\\Psr7\\FnStream", "__construct()": [{"close":null}],"_fn_close":"phpinfo"}}
snort
alert http any any -> $HOME_NET any (msg:"ET WEB_SPECIFIC_APPS CraftCMS Remote Code Execution via ConditionsController Object Creation (CVE-2023-41892)"; flow:established,to_server; http.method; content:"POST"; http.request_body; content:"action|3d|conditions|2f|render"; content:"|3d|craft|5c|elements|5c|conditions|5c|"; fast_pattern; content:"|22 5f 5f|construct|28 29 22|"; reference:url,blog.calif.io/p/craftcms-rce; reference:cve,2023-41892; classtype:web-application-attack; sid:2056385; rev:1; metadata:affected_product CraftCMS, attack_target Server, tls_state TLSDecrypt, created_at 2024_10_02, cve CVE_2023_41892, deployment Perimeter, deployment Internal, deployment SSLDecrypt, confidence High, signature_severity Major, tag Exploit, updated_at 2024_10_02, mitre_tactic_id TA0001, mitre_tactic_name Initial_Access, mitre_technique_id T1190, mitre_technique_name Exploit_Public_Facing_Application; target:dest_ip;)
- →Exploit POST requests target /index.php with the body parameter `action=conditions/render`, which routes to the vulnerable ConditionsController. Detect POST requests to this endpoint containing this action parameter.
- →The exploit payload embeds `GuzzleHttp\Psr7\FnStream` as the class value in the `config` JSON parameter, combined with `__construct()` and `_fn_close` keys. Inspect POST body for this class name as a strong indicator of exploitation. ↗
- →The Nuclei template matches a successful exploitation response by checking for the words `PHP Credits`, `PHP Group`, and `CraftCMS` together in the response body — indicating phpinfo() was executed.
- →The Metasploit module confirms the vulnerability is in `\craft\controllers\ConditionsController` via PHP object creation escalating to `\GuzzleHttp\Psr7\FnStream` methods. Monitor web server logs for POST requests to `/index.php` with `conditions/render` in the body. ↗
- →The Snort/ET rule uses byte-level content matching: `action|3d|conditions|2f|render` (action=conditions/render) and `|3d|craft|5c|elements|5c|conditions|5c|` and `|22 5f 5f|construct|28 29 22|` ("__construct()") in the HTTP request body. Use these byte patterns for network-level detection.
- →Shodan/FOFA fingerprinting: CraftCMS instances can be identified by favicon hash `-47932290`. Use this to scope exposure of potentially vulnerable assets.
- →The deployed webshell is named `shell.php` and placed in the web document root. Monitor for creation of `shell.php` in web-accessible directories and HTTP requests to `shell.php?cmd=`. ↗
- ·The Imagick-based second-stage RCE (MSL file write) requires the PHP Imagick extension to be installed and enabled on the target server. Without it, only the phpinfo() probe via FnStream is achievable, not full webshell deployment. ↗
- ·The exploit is unauthenticated — no credentials or session are required. Any network-accessible Craft CMS instance on affected versions (4.0.0-RC1 through 4.4.14) is at risk without additional network controls. ↗
- ·CVE-2025-32432 is described as an additional fix for CVE-2023-41892, meaning patching to 4.4.15 alone may not be sufficient — versions before 4.14.15 (v4 branch) and 5.6.17 (v5 branch) remain vulnerable to the related bypass. ↗
CVSS provenance
nvdv3.19.8CRITICALCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
vulncheck10.0CRITICAL
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OSV
Craft CMS Remote Code Execution vulnerability
osv·2023-09-13
CVE-2023-41892 [CRITICAL] Craft CMS Remote Code Execution vulnerability
Craft CMS Remote Code Execution vulnerability
### Impact
This is a high-impact, low-complexity attack vector. Users running Craft installations before 4.4.15 are encouraged to update to at least that version to mitigate the issue.
### Mitigations
* This has been fixed in Craft 4.4.15. You should ensure you’re running at least that version.
* Refresh your security key in case it has already been captured. You can do that by running the `php craft setup/security-key` command and copying the updated `CRAFT_SECURITY_KEY` environment variable to all production environments.
* If you have any other private keys stored as environment variables (e.g., S3 or Stripe), refresh those as well.
* Out of an abundance of caution, you may want to force all your users to reset their passwords in case yo
GHSA
Craft CMS Remote Code Execution vulnerability
ghsa·2023-09-13
CVE-2023-41892 [CRITICAL] CWE-94 Craft CMS Remote Code Execution vulnerability
Craft CMS Remote Code Execution vulnerability
### Impact
This is a high-impact, low-complexity attack vector. Users running Craft installations before 4.4.15 are encouraged to update to at least that version to mitigate the issue.
### Mitigations
* This has been fixed in Craft 4.4.15. You should ensure you’re running at least that version.
* Refresh your security key in case it has already been captured. You can do that by running the `php craft setup/security-key` command and copying the updated `CRAFT_SECURITY_KEY` environment variable to all production environments.
* If you have any other private keys stored as environment variables (e.g., S3 or Stripe), refresh those as well.
* Out of an abundance of caution, you may want to force all your users to reset their passwords in case yo
VulnCheck
craftcms Craft CMS Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
vulncheck·2023·CVSS 10.0
CVE-2023-41892 [CRITICAL] craftcms Craft CMS Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
craftcms Craft CMS Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Craft CMS is a platform for creating digital experiences. This is a high-impact, low-complexity attack vector. Users running Craft installations before 4.4.15 are encouraged to update to at least that version to mitigate the issue. This issue has been fixed in Craft CMS 4.4.15.
Affected: craftcms Craft CMS
Required Action: Apply remediations or mitigations per vendor instructions or discontinue use of the product if remediation or mitigations are unavailable.
Exploitation References: https://veriti.ai/blog/vulnerable-villain-when-hackers-get-hacked/; https://thorcert.notion.site/TTPs-11-Operation-An-Octopus-d875862055ca4b7b815b5e496b219671
Exploit PoC: https://vulncheck.com/xdb/434d4fdb9a37; https://vulncheck
Suricata
ET WEB_SPECIFIC_APPS CraftCMS Remote Code Execution via ConditionsController Object Creation (CVE-2023-41892)
suricata·2024-10-02·CVSS 10.0
CVE-2023-41892 [CRITICAL] ET WEB_SPECIFIC_APPS CraftCMS Remote Code Execution via ConditionsController Object Creation (CVE-2023-41892)
ET WEB_SPECIFIC_APPS CraftCMS Remote Code Execution via ConditionsController Object Creation (CVE-2023-41892)
Rule: alert http any any -> $HOME_NET any (msg:"ET WEB_SPECIFIC_APPS CraftCMS Remote Code Execution via ConditionsController Object Creation (CVE-2023-41892)"; flow:established,to_server; http.method; content:"POST"; http.request_body; content:"action|3d|conditions|2f|render"; content:"|3d|craft|5c|elements|5c|conditions|5c|"; fast_pattern; content:"|22 5f 5f|construct|28 29 22|"; reference:url,blog.calif.io/p/craftcms-rce; reference:cve,2023-41892; classtype:web-application-attack; sid:2056385; rev:1; metadata:affected_product CraftCMS, attack_target Server, tls_state TLSDecrypt, created_at 2024_10_02, cve CVE_2023_41892, deployment Perimeter, deployment Internal, deployment SSLD
Exploit-DB
Craft CMS 4.4.14 - Unauthenticated Remote Code Execution
exploitdb·2024-03-25·CVSS 10.0
CVE-2023-41892 [CRITICAL] Craft CMS 4.4.14 - Unauthenticated Remote Code Execution
Craft CMS 4.4.14 - Unauthenticated Remote Code Execution
---
#!/usr/bin/env python3
#coding: utf-8
# Exploit Title: Craft CMS unauthenticated Remote Code Execution (RCE)
# Date: 2023-12-26
# Version: 4.0.0-RC1 - 4.4.14
# Vendor Homepage: https://craftcms.com/
# Software Link: https://github.com/craftcms/cms/releases/tag/4.4.14
# Tested on: Ubuntu 22.04.3 LTS
# Tested on: Craft CMS 4.4.14
# Exploit Author: Olivier Lasne
# CVE : CVE-2023-41892
# References :
# https://github.com/craftcms/cms/security/advisories/GHSA-4w8r-3xrw-v25g
# https://blog.calif.io/p/craftcms-rce
import requests
import sys, re
if(len(sys.argv) \033[0m")
exit()
HOST = sys.argv[1]
if not re.match('^https?://.*', HOST):
print("\033[1;31m[-]\033[0m URL should start with http or https")
exit()
print("\033[1;96m[+]\0
Nuclei
CraftCMS - Remote Code Execution
nuclei·CVSS 9.8
CVE-2025-32432 [CRITICAL] CraftCMS - Remote Code Execution
CraftCMS - Remote Code Execution
Craft is a flexible, user-friendly CMS for creating custom digital experiences on the web and beyond. Starting from version 3.0.0-RC1 to before 3.9.15, 4.0.0-RC1 to before 4.14.15, and 5.0.0-RC1 to before 5.6.17, Craft is vulnerable to remote code execution. This is a high-impact, low-complexity attack vector.
Template:
id: CVE-2025-32432
info:
name: CraftCMS - Remote Code Execution
author: iamnoooob,rootxharsh,pdresearch
severity: critical
description: |
Craft is a flexible, user-friendly CMS for creating custom digital experiences on the web and beyond. Starting from version 3.0.0-RC1 to before 3.9.15, 4.0.0-RC1 to before 4.14.15, and 5.0.0-RC1 to before 5.6.17, Craft is vulnerable to remote code execution. This is a high-impact, low-complexity attack
Nuclei
CraftCMS < 4.4.15 - Unauthenticated Remote Code Execution
nuclei·CVSS 9.8
CVE-2023-41892 [CRITICAL] CraftCMS < 4.4.15 - Unauthenticated Remote Code Execution
CraftCMS < 4.4.15 - Unauthenticated Remote Code Execution
Craft CMS is a platform for creating digital experiences. This is a high-impact, low-complexity attack vector leading to Remote Code Execution (RCE). Users running Craft installations before 4.4.15 are encouraged to update to at least that version to mitigate the issue. This issue has been fixed in Craft CMS 4.4.15.
Template:
id: CVE-2023-41892
info:
name: CraftCMS < 4.4.15 - Unauthenticated Remote Code Execution
author: iamnoooob,rootxharsh,pdresearch
severity: critical
description: Craft CMS is a platform for creating digital experiences. This is a high-impact, low-complexity attack vector leading to Remote Code Execution (RCE). Users running Craft installations before 4.4.15 are encouraged to update to at least that version t
Metasploit
Craft CMS unauthenticated Remote Code Execution (RCE)
metasploit·CVSS 9.8
CVE-2023-41892 [CRITICAL] Craft CMS unauthenticated Remote Code Execution (RCE)
Craft CMS unauthenticated Remote Code Execution (RCE)
This module exploits Remote Code Execution vulnerability (CVE-2023-41892) in Craft CMS which is a popular content management system. Craft CMS versions between 4.0.0-RC1 - 4.4.14 are affected by this vulnerability allowing attackers to execute arbitrary code remotely, potentially compromising the security and integrity of the application. The vulnerability occurs using a PHP object creation in the `\craft\controllers\ConditionsController` class which allows to run arbitrary PHP code by escalating the object creation calling some methods available in `\GuzzleHttp\Psr7\FnStream`. Using this vulnerability in combination with The Imagick Extension and MSL which stands for Magick Scripting Language, a full RCE can be achieved. MSL is a buil
CTF
medium / README
ctf_writeups·CVSS 9.1
[CRITICAL] medium / README
---
layout: default
title: Medium Machines
parent: Machines
nav_order: 2
description: "112+ Medium HTB machine writeups with walkthroughs"
permalink: /machines/medium/
---
# HackTheBox - Medium Machines
> Comprehensive index of retired HTB Medium-difficulty machines with key techniques and attack path summaries.
**Total: 100+ machines** | Sorted roughly by retirement date (newest first)
---
## Machine Index
| # | Machine | OS | Key Techniques | Attack Path Summary | Writeup |
|---|---------|-----|----------------|---------------------|---------|
| 1 | Signed | Linux | Code Signing Bypass, Certificate Abuse | Forge code signature to deploy malicious update, escalate via trusted binary execution | [0xdf](https://0xdf.gitlab.io/2026/02/07/htb-signed.html) |
| 2 | Voleur | Linux | Data E
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http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/176303/Craft-CMS-4.4.14-Remote-Code-Execution.htmlhttps://github.com/craftcms/cms/blob/develop/CHANGELOG.md#4415---2023-07-03-criticalhttps://github.com/craftcms/cms/commit/7359d18d46389ffac86c2af1e0cd59e37c298857https://github.com/craftcms/cms/commit/a270b928f3d34ad3bd953b81c304424edd57355ehttps://github.com/craftcms/cms/commit/c0a37e15cc925c473e60e27fe64054993b867ac1https://github.com/craftcms/cms/commit/c0a37e15cc925c473e60e27fe64054993b867ac1#diff-47dd43d86f85161944dfcce2e41d31955c4184672d9bd9d82b948c6b01b86476https://github.com/craftcms/cms/security/advisories/GHSA-4w8r-3xrw-v25ghttp://packetstormsecurity.com/files/176303/Craft-CMS-4.4.14-Remote-Code-Execution.htmlhttps://github.com/craftcms/cms/blob/develop/CHANGELOG.md#4415---2023-07-03-criticalhttps://github.com/craftcms/cms/commit/7359d18d46389ffac86c2af1e0cd59e37c298857https://github.com/craftcms/cms/commit/a270b928f3d34ad3bd953b81c304424edd57355ehttps://github.com/craftcms/cms/commit/c0a37e15cc925c473e60e27fe64054993b867ac1https://github.com/craftcms/cms/commit/c0a37e15cc925c473e60e27fe64054993b867ac1#diff-47dd43d86f85161944dfcce2e41d31955c4184672d9bd9d82b948c6b01b86476https://github.com/craftcms/cms/security/advisories/GHSA-4w8r-3xrw-v25g
2023-09-13
Published
Exploited in the wild