cbcvebase.
CVE-2024-38030
published 2024-07-09

CVE-2024-38030: Windows Themes Spoofing Vulnerability Windows Themes Spoofing Vulnerability

medium6.5CVSS 3.1
AVNACLPRNUIRSUCHINAN
EPSS
51.38%
98.8th percentile
Windows Themes Spoofing Vulnerability Windows Themes Spoofing Vulnerability

Affected

27 ranges· showing 25
VendorProductVersion rangeFixed in
microsoftwindows_10_version_1507>= 10.0.10240.0 < 10.0.10240.2071010.0.10240.20710
microsoftwindows_10_version_1607>= 10.0.14393.0 < 10.0.14393.715910.0.14393.7159
microsoftwindows_10_version_1809>= 10.0.17763.0 < 10.0.17763.605410.0.17763.6054
microsoftwindows_10_version_21h2>= 10.0.19043.0 < 10.0.19044.465110.0.19044.4651
microsoftwindows_10_version_22h2>= 10.0.19045.0 < 10.0.19045.465110.0.19045.4651
microsoftwindows_11_version_21h2>= 10.0.0 < 10.0.22000.307910.0.22000.3079
microsoftwindows_11_version_22h2>= 10.0.22621.0 < 10.0.22621.388010.0.22621.3880
microsoftwindows_11_version_22h3>= 10.0.22631.0 < 10.0.22631.388010.0.22631.3880
microsoftwindows_11_version_23h2>= 10.0.22631.0 < 10.0.22631.388010.0.22631.3880
microsoftwindows_server_2012>= 6.2.9200.0 < 6.2.9200.249756.2.9200.24975
microsoftwindows_server_2012_r2>= 6.3.9600.0 < 6.3.9600.220746.3.9600.22074
microsoftwindows_server_2016>= 10.0.14393.0 < 10.0.14393.715910.0.14393.7159
microsoftwindows_server_2019>= 10.0.17763.0 < 10.0.17763.605410.0.17763.6054
microsoftwindows_server_2022>= 10.0.20348.0 < 10.0.20348.258210.0.20348.2582
msrcwindows_10
msrcwindows_10_version_1607
msrcwindows_10_version_1809
msrcwindows_10_version_21h2
msrcwindows_10_version_22h2
msrcwindows_11_version_21h2
msrcwindows_11_version_22h2
msrcwindows_11_version_23h2
msrcwindows_server_2012
msrcwindows_server_2012_r2
msrcwindows_server_2016

Detection & IOCsextracted from sources · hover to see the quote

filenametheme.theme
snort
alert http $EXTERNAL_NET any -> $HOME_NET any (msg:"ET EXPLOIT Microsoft Windows Themes Spoofing (CVE-2024-38030)"; flow:established,to_client; http.response_body; content:"|5b|Theme|5d 0a|"; fast_pattern; startswith; content:"|3d 5c 3f 3f 5c|UNC|5c|"; pcre:"/\x0a(BrandImage|Wallpaper|Path)\x3d\x5c\x3f{2}\x5cUNC\x5c/Q"; reference:url,github.com/CICADA8-Research/Penetration/blob/main/POCs/CVE-2024-38030/theme.theme; reference:cve,2024-38030; classtype:attempted-user; sid:2060030; rev:1; metadata:attack_target Client_Endpoint, created_at 2025_02_11, cve CVE_2024_38030, deployment Perimeter, deployment Internal, confidence High, signature_severity Major, tag Exploit, updated_at 2025_02_11; target:dest_ip;)
bytes
|5b|Theme|5d 0a| (HTTP response body starts with "[Theme]\n")
bytes
|3d 5c 3f 3f 5c|UNC|5c| (UNC path pattern in theme file: =\??\UNC\)
  • Malicious Windows theme files exploit the BrandImage, Wallpaper, or Path properties set to UNC network paths (\??\UNC\<remote_host>) to trigger automatic outbound NTLM-authenticated requests. Detection should focus on HTTP responses delivering theme files containing these properties pointing to remote UNC paths.
  • Credential leakage is triggered passively — merely viewing (not opening/executing) a malicious .theme file in Windows Explorer or on the desktop is sufficient to initiate the outbound NTLM request. Monitor for unexpected outbound SMB/NTLM traffic from workstations after file listing events.
  • The Snort/Suricata rule (ET sid:2060030) targets HTTP responses to the internal network whose body starts with '[Theme]\n' and contains a UNC path assignment matching the regex \n(BrandImage|Wallpaper|Path)=\??\UNC\ — deploy on both perimeter and internal sensors.
  • On Windows Server, exploitation requires the Desktop Experience feature to be installed AND the theme file to be double-clicked and applied — passive viewing alone is insufficient. Prioritize workstation monitoring over server monitoring.
  • ·Systems with NTLM disabled are not affected by this vulnerability. Blocking outbound NTLM via Group Policy (Computer Configuration > Windows Settings > Security Settings > Local Policies > Security Options > 'Network security: Restrict NTLM: Outgoing NTLM traffic to remote servers') mitigates credential leakage for remote SMB scenarios.
  • ·CVE-2024-38030 is itself a bypass of CVE-2024-21320 (patched January 2024). Applying only the January patch is insufficient; the July patch (e.g., KB5040430) is required. A further unpatched bypass beyond CVE-2024-38030 was also identified by ACROS Security, meaning fully updated Windows 7–11 24H2 systems may still be vulnerable.

CVSS provenance

nvdv3.16.5MEDIUMCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
cvelistv56.5MEDIUM
vendor_msrc6.5MEDIUM
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