CVE-2025-54100
published 2025-12-09CVE-2025-54100: Improper neutralization of special elements used in a command ('command injection') in Windows PowerShell allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code…
PriorityP348high7.8CVSS 3.1
AVLACLPRNUIRSUCHIHAH
EPSS
1.52%
72.0th percentile
Improper neutralization of special elements used in a command ('command injection') in Windows PowerShell allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code locally.
Affected
45 ranges· showing 25
| Vendor | Product | Version range | Fixed in |
|---|---|---|---|
| microsoft | windows_10_1607 | < 10.0.14393.8688 | 10.0.14393.8688 |
| microsoft | windows_10_1809 | < 10.0.17763.8146 | 10.0.17763.8146 |
| microsoft | windows_10_21h2 | < 10.0.19044.6691 | 10.0.19044.6691 |
| microsoft | windows_10_22h2 | < 10.0.19045.6691 | 10.0.19045.6691 |
| microsoft | windows_10_version_1607 | >= 10.0.14393.0 < 10.0.14393.8688 | 10.0.14393.8688 |
| microsoft | windows_10_version_1809 | >= 10.0.17763.0 < 10.0.17763.8146 | 10.0.17763.8146 |
| microsoft | windows_10_version_21h2 | >= 10.0.19044.0 < 10.0.19044.6691 | 10.0.19044.6691 |
| microsoft | windows_10_version_22h2 | >= 10.0.19045.0 < 10.0.19045.6691 | 10.0.19045.6691 |
| microsoft | windows_11_23h2 | < 10.0.22631.6345 | 10.0.22631.6345 |
| microsoft | windows_11_24h2 | < 10.0.26100.7456 | 10.0.26100.7456 |
| microsoft | windows_11_25h2 | < 10.0.26200.7456 | 10.0.26200.7456 |
| microsoft | windows_11_version_22h3 | >= 10.0.22631.0 < 10.0.22631.6345 | 10.0.22631.6345 |
| microsoft | windows_11_version_23h2 | >= 10.0.22631.0 < 10.0.22631.6345 | 10.0.22631.6345 |
| microsoft | windows_11_version_24h2 | >= 10.0.26100.0 < 10.0.26100.7462 | 10.0.26100.7462 |
| microsoft | windows_11_version_25h2 | >= 10.0.26200.0 < 10.0.26200.7462 | 10.0.26200.7462 |
| microsoft | windows_server_2008 | — | — |
| microsoft | windows_server_2008_r2_service_pack_1 | >= 6.1.7601.0 < 6.1.7601.28064 | 6.1.7601.28064 |
| microsoft | windows_server_2008_service_pack_2 | >= 6.0.6003.0 < 6.0.6003.23666 | 6.0.6003.23666 |
| microsoft | windows_server_2012 | — | — |
| microsoft | windows_server_2012 | >= 6.2.9200.0 < 6.2.9200.25815 | 6.2.9200.25815 |
| microsoft | windows_server_2012_r2 | >= 6.3.9600.0 < 6.3.9600.22920 | 6.3.9600.22920 |
| microsoft | windows_server_2016 | < 10.0.14393.8688 | 10.0.14393.8688 |
| microsoft | windows_server_2016 | >= 10.0.14393.0 < 10.0.14393.8688 | 10.0.14393.8688 |
| microsoft | windows_server_2019 | < 10.0.17763.8146 | 10.0.17763.8146 |
| microsoft | windows_server_2019 | >= 10.0.17763.0 < 10.0.17763.8146 | 10.0.17763.8146 |
CVSS provenance
nvdv3.17.8HIGHCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
vendor_msrc7.8HIGH
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GHSA
GHSA-9j88-g4wc-q6mc: Improper neutralization of special elements used in a command ('command injection') in Windows PowerShell allows an unauthorized attacker to execute c
ghsa_unreviewed·2025-12-09
CVE-2025-54100 [HIGH] CWE-77 GHSA-9j88-g4wc-q6mc: Improper neutralization of special elements used in a command ('command injection') in Windows PowerShell allows an unauthorized attacker to execute c
Improper neutralization of special elements used in a command ('command injection') in Windows PowerShell allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code locally.
Microsoft
PowerShell Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
vendor_msrc·2025-12-09·CVSS 7.8
CVE-2025-54100 [HIGH] CWE-77 PowerShell Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
PowerShell Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Description: Improper neutralization of special elements used in a command ('command injection') in Windows PowerShell allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code locally.
FAQ: Is there more information I need to know after I install the Security Updates to address this vulnerability?
After you install the updates, when you use the Invoke-WebRequest command you will see the following confirmation prompt with security warning of script execution risk:
Security Warning: Script Execution Risk
Invoke-WebRequest parses the content of the web page. Script code in the web page might be run when the page is parsed.
RECOMMENDED ACTION:
Use the -UseBasicParsing switch to avoid script code execution.
Do you want to continue?
For additional details
No detection rules found.
No public exploits indexed.
Securelist
Vulnerability landscape in Q4 2025
blogs_securelist·2026-03-06
Vulnerability landscape in Q4 2025
Table of Contents
- Statistics on registered vulnerabilities
- Exploitation statistics
- Vulnerability exploitation in APT attacks
- C2 frameworks
- Notable vulnerabilities
- Conclusion and advice
Authors
- Alexander Kolesnikov
The fourth quarter of 2025 went down as one of the most intense periods on record for high-profile, critical vulnerability disclosures, hitting popular libraries and mainstream applications. Several of these vulnerabilities were picked up by attackers and exploited in the wild almost immediately.
In this report, we dive into the statistics on published vulnerabilities and exploits, as well as the known vulnerabilities leveraged with popular C2 frameworks throughout Q4 2025.
## Statistics on registered vulnerabilities
This section contains statistics on regis
Securelist
Exploits and vulnerabilities in Q4 2025
blogs_securelist·2026-03-06·CVSS 7.8
CVE-2025-55182 [HIGH] Exploits and vulnerabilities in Q4 2025
Table of Contents
Statistics on registered vulnerabilities
Exploitation statistics
Windows and Linux vulnerability exploitation
Most common published exploits
Vulnerability exploitation in APT attacks
C2 frameworks
Notable vulnerabilities
React2Shell (CVE-2025-55182): a vulnerability in React Server Components
CVE-2025-54100: command injection during the execution of curl (Invoke-WebRequest)
CVE-2025-11001: a vulnerability in 7-Zip
RediShell (CVE-2025-49844): a vulnerability in Redis
CVE-2025-24990: a vulnerability in the ltmdm64.sys driver
CVE-2025-59287: a vulnerability in Windows Server Update Services (WSUS)
Conclusion and advice
Authors
Alexander Kolesnikov
The fourth quarter of 2025 went down as one of the most intense periods on record for high-profile, critical vul
Tenable
Microsoft’s December 2025 Patch Tuesday Addresses 56 CVEs (CVE-2025-62221)
blogs_tenable·2025-12-09·CVSS 7.8
[HIGH] Microsoft’s December 2025 Patch Tuesday Addresses 56 CVEs (CVE-2025-62221)
## Cloud Exposure
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Tenable Cloud Vulnerability Management Request a demo
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## Vulnerability Exposure
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## AI Exposure
Tenable AI Exposure Request a demo
## OT/IoT Exposure
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## Identity Exposure
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## Business needs
Active Directory
AI Security Posture Management (AI-SPM)
AWS security
Azure security
Cloud Security Posture Man
Krebs
Microsoft Patch Tuesday, December 2025 Edition
blogs_krebs·2025-12-09·CVSS 7.8
[HIGH] Microsoft Patch Tuesday, December 2025 Edition
Microsoft today pushed updates to fix at least 56 security flaws in its Windows operating systems and supported software. This final Patch Tuesday of 2025 tackles one zero-day bug that is already being exploited, as well as two publicly disclosed vulnerabilities.
Despite releasing a lower-than-normal number of security updates these past few months, Microsoft patched a whopping 1,129 vulnerabilities in 2025, an 11.9% increase from 2024. According to Satnam Narang at Tenable, this year marks the second consecutive year that Microsoft patched over one thousand vulnerabilities, and the third time it has done so since its inception.
The zero-day flaw patched today is CVE-2025-62221, a privilege escalation vulnerability affecting Windows 10 and later editions. The weakness resides in a compon
Bleepingcomputer
Microsoft releases Windows 10 KB5071546 extended security update
blogs_bleepingcomputer·2025-12-09·CVSS 7.8
[HIGH] Microsoft releases Windows 10 KB5071546 extended security update
## Microsoft releases Windows 10 KB5071546 extended security update
## Lawrence Abrams
As this update is mandatory, it will automatically install and prompt you to restart your device when it is complete.
After installing this update, Windows 10 will be updated to build 19045.6691, and Windows 10 Enterprise LTSC 2021 will be updated to build 19044.6691.
If you're facing delays, blind spots, or prioritization issues with Patch Tuesday updates, our recent webinar with Action1 demonstrates how modern patch management helps organizations patch faster and reduce risk.
## What's new in Windows 10 KB5071546
Microsoft is no longer releasing new features for Windows 10, and the KB5071546 update contains only security updates and fixes for bugs introduced by previous security updates.
With th
Qualys
Microsoft and Adobe Patch Tuesday, December 2025 Security Update Review
blogs_qualys·2025-12-09
Microsoft and Adobe Patch Tuesday, December 2025 Security Update Review
## Table of Contents
Microsoft Patch Tuesday forDecember2025
Adobe Patches for December 2025
Zero-day Vulnerabilities Patched inDecemberPatch Tuesday Edition
Critical Severity Vulnerabilities Patched in DecemberPatch Tuesday Edition
Other Microsoft Vulnerability Highlights
Microsoft Release Summary
Discover and Prioritize Vulnerabilities inVulnerability Management, Detection & Response (VMDR)
Rapid Response with TruRisk Eliminate
Qualys Monthly Webinar Series
As the year winds down, Microsoft Patch Tuesday in December arrives with essential fixes and enhancements to close vulnerabilities and boost performance. Here’s a quick breakdown of what you need to know.
## Microsoft Patch Tuesday for December 2025
This month’s release addresses 72 vulnerabilities, including three critica
Qualys
Microsoft and Adobe Patch Tuesday, December 2025 Security Update Review | Qualys
blogs_qualys·2025-12-09
Microsoft and Adobe Patch Tuesday, December 2025 Security Update Review | Qualys
#### Table of Contents
- Microsoft Patch Tuesday forDecember2025
- Adobe Patches for December 2025
- Zero-day Vulnerabilities Patched inDecemberPatch Tuesday Edition
- Critical Severity Vulnerabilities Patched in DecemberPatch Tuesday Edition
- Other Microsoft Vulnerability Highlights
- Microsoft Release Summary
- Discover and Prioritize Vulnerabilities inVulnerability Management, Detection & Response (VMDR)
- Rapid Response with TruRisk Eliminate
- Qualys Monthly Webinar Series
As the year winds down, Microsoft Patch Tuesday in December arrives with essential fixes and enhancements to close vulnerabilities and boost performance. Here’s a quick breakdown of what you need to know.
## Microsoft Patch Tuesday for December 2025
This month’s release addresses 72 vulnerabilities, including t
Bleepingcomputer
Microsoft December 2025 Patch Tuesday fixes 3 zero-days, 57 flaws
blogs_bleepingcomputer·2025-12-09·CVSS 7.8
[HIGH] Microsoft December 2025 Patch Tuesday fixes 3 zero-days, 57 flaws
## Microsoft December 2025 Patch Tuesday fixes 3 zero-days, 57 flaws
## Lawrence Abrams
28 Elevation of Privilege Vulnerabilities
19 Remote Code Execution Vulnerabilities
4 Information Disclosure Vulnerabilities
3 Denial of Service Vulnerabilities
2 Spoofing Vulnerabilities
When BleepingComputer reports on Patch Tuesday security updates, we only count those released by Microsoft today. Therefore, the number of flaws does not include Microsoft Edge (15 flaws) and Mariner vulnerabilities fixed earlier this month.
To learn more about the non-security updates released today, you can review our dedicated articles on the Windows 11 KB5072033 & KB5071417 cumulative updates .
If you're facing delays, blind spots, or prioritization issues with Patch Tuesday updates, our recent webinar with
Krebs
Microsoft Patch Tuesday, December 2025 Edition
blogs_krebs·2025-12-09·CVSS 7.8
[HIGH] Microsoft Patch Tuesday, December 2025 Edition
Microsoft today pushed updates to fix at least 56 security flaws in its Windows operating systems and supported software. This final Patch Tuesday of 2025 tackles one zero-day bug that is already being exploited, as well as two publicly disclosed vulnerabilities.
Despite releasing a lower-than-normal number of security updates these past few months, Microsoft patched a whopping 1,129 vulnerabilities in 2025, an 11.9% increase from 2024. According to Satnam Narang at Tenable , this year marks the second consecutive year that Microsoft patched over one thousand vulnerabilities, and the third time it has done so since its inception.
The zero-day flaw patched today is CVE-2025-62221 , a privilege escalation vulnerability affecting Windows 10 and later editions. The weakness resides in a comp
Qualys
Zero-Day Vulnerability Protection | Detect & Stop Threats | Qualys
blogs_qualys·2025-04-18
Zero-Day Vulnerability Protection | Detect & Stop Threats | Qualys
## Table of Contents
Why Zero-Day Vulnerabilities Demand a New Security Mindset
Understanding Zero-Day Vulnerabilities, Exploits, and Attacks
How Do Zero-Day Attacks Work?
The Zero-Day Lifecycle: From Discovery to Exploitation
Real-World Zero-Day Attacks and Their Impact
Why Zero-Day Vulnerabilities Are So Dangerous
Detecting Zero-Day Vulnerabilities
Challenges in Identifying Zero-Day Vulnerabilities
How Qualys Helps Organizations Manage Zero-Day Risk
Conclusion
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Executive Summary
Zero-day vulnerabilities pose a significant and growing risk as opportunistic attackers rapidly exploit unknown flaws before fixes are available. These threats can bypass traditional defenses, spread rapidly, and cause widespread disruption across organizations.
To r
Qualys
Zero-Day Vulnerability Protection | Detect & Stop Threats | Qualys
blogs_qualys·2025-04-18
Zero-Day Vulnerability Protection | Detect & Stop Threats | Qualys
#### Table of Contents
- Why Zero-Day Vulnerabilities Demand a New Security Mindset
- Understanding Zero-Day Vulnerabilities, Exploits, and Attacks
- How Do Zero-Day Attacks Work?
- The Zero-Day Lifecycle: From Discovery to Exploitation
- Real-World Zero-Day Attacks and Their Impact
- Why Zero-Day Vulnerabilities Are So Dangerous
- Detecting Zero-Day Vulnerabilities
- Challenges in Identifying Zero-Day Vulnerabilities
- How Qualys Helps Organizations Manage Zero-Day Risk
- Conclusion
- Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Executive Summary
Zero-day vulnerabilities pose a significant and growing risk as opportunistic attackers rapidly exploit unknown flaws before fixes are available. These threats can bypass traditional defenses, spread rapidly, and cause widespread disruption across organi
Wiz
CVE-2025-54100 Impact, Exploitability, and Mitigation Steps | Wiz
blogs_wiz·CVSS 7.8
CVE-2025-54100 [HIGH] CVE-2025-54100 Impact, Exploitability, and Mitigation Steps | Wiz
## CVE-2025-54100 :
vulnerability analysis and mitigation
Improper neutralization of special elements used in a command ('command injection') in Windows PowerShell allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code locally.
Source : NVD
## 7.8
Score
Published December 9, 2025
Severity HIGH
CNA Score 7.8
Has Public Exploit Yes
Has CISA KEV Exploit No
CISA KEV Release Date N/A
CISA KEV Due Date N/A
Exploitation Probability Percentile (EPSS) 44.6
Exploitation Probability (EPSS) 0.2
Sources
NVD
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Crowdstrike
December 2025 Patch Tuesday: Updates and Analysis
blogs_crowdstrike·CVSS 7.5
CVE-2026-20929 [HIGH] December 2025 Patch Tuesday: Updates and Analysis
How CrowdStrike is Accelerating Exposure Evaluation as Adversaries Gain Speed Apr 06, 2026
STARDUST CHOLLIMA Likely Compromises Axios npm Package Apr 01, 2026
Falcon for IT Supports Windows Secure Boot Certificate Lifecycle Management Apr 01, 2026
Detecting CVE-2026-20929: Kerberos Authentication Relay via CNAME Abuse Mar 31, 2026
How CrowdStrike is Accelerating Exposure Evaluation as Adversaries Gain Speed Apr 06, 2026
STARDUST CHOLLIMA Likely Compromises Axios npm Package Apr 01, 2026
Falcon for IT Supports Windows Secure Boot Certificate Lifecycle Management Apr 01, 2026
Detecting CVE-2026-20929: Kerberos Authentication Relay via CNAME Abuse Mar 31, 2026
Video Highlights the 4 Key Steps to Successful Incident Response Dec 02, 2019
Helping Non-Security Stakeholders Understand AT
2025-12-09
Published