CVE-2025-5504
published 2025-06-03CVE-2025-5504: A vulnerability has been found in TOTOLINK X2000R 1.0.0-B20230726.1108 and classified as critical. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file…
PriorityP180medium6.3CVSS 3.1
AVNACLPRLUINSUCLILAL
ITWVulnCheck KEV
Exploited in the wild
EPSS
15.04%
96.3th percentile
A vulnerability has been found in TOTOLINK X2000R 1.0.0-B20230726.1108 and classified as critical. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file /boafrm/formWsc. The manipulation of the argument peerRptPin leads to command injection. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
Affected
2 ranges
| Vendor | Product | Version range | Fixed in |
|---|---|---|---|
| totolink | x2000r | — | — |
| totolink | x2000r_firmware | — | — |
CVSS provenance
nvdv3.16.3MEDIUMCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
nvdv4.05.3MEDIUMCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
nvdv2.06.5MEDIUMAV:N/AC:L/Au:S/C:P/I:P/A:P
vulncheck5.3MEDIUM
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GHSA
GHSA-j9x6-j7hr-4vpf: A vulnerability has been found in TOTOLINK X2000R 1
ghsa_unreviewed·2025-06-03
CVE-2025-5504 [MEDIUM] CWE-74 GHSA-j9x6-j7hr-4vpf: A vulnerability has been found in TOTOLINK X2000R 1
A vulnerability has been found in TOTOLINK X2000R 1.0.0-B20230726.1108 and classified as critical. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file /boafrm/formWsc. The manipulation of the argument peerRptPin leads to command injection. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
VulnCheck
totolink x2000r_firmware Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component ('Injection')
vulncheck·2025·CVSS 5.3
CVE-2025-5504 [MEDIUM] totolink x2000r_firmware Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component ('Injection')
totolink x2000r_firmware Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component ('Injection')
A vulnerability has been found in TOTOLINK X2000R 1.0.0-B20230726.1108 and classified as critical. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file /boafrm/formWsc. The manipulation of the argument peerRptPin leads to command injection. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
Affected: totolink x2000r_firmware
Required Action: Apply remediations or mitigations per vendor instructions or discontinue use of the product if remediation or mitigations are unavailable.
Exploitation References: https://www.trendmicro.com/en_u
No detection rules found.
Trendmicro
RondoDox: From Targeting Pwn2Own Vulnerabilities to Shotgunning Exploits
blogs_trendmicro·2025-10-09·CVSS 8.8
[HIGH] RondoDox: From Targeting Pwn2Own Vulnerabilities to Shotgunning Exploits
Cyber Threats
## RondoDox: From Targeting Pwn2Own Vulnerabilities to Shotgunning Exploits
Trend™ Research and ZDI Threat Hunters have identified a large-scale RondoDox botnet campaign exploiting over 50 vulnerabilities across more than 30 vendors, including flaws first seen in Pwn2Own contests.
By: Deep Patel, Ashish Verma, Simon Dulude, Peter Girnus Oct 09, 2025 Read time: ( words)
Save to Folio
Trend customers can be reassured that they have been protected against vulnerabilities like CVE-2023-1389 since it was disclosed at Pwn2Own.
Below is the timeline showing key events in the RondoDox vulnerability, from discovery to exploitation:
December 6, 2022: Tri Dang and Bien Pham (@bienpnn) from Qrious Secure exploit the WAN interface of TP-Link AX1800 at Pwn2Own Toronto 2022 .
Januar
Trendmicro
RondoDox: From Targeting Pwn2Own Vulnerabilities to Shotgunning Exploits
blogs_trendmicro·2025-10-09·CVSS 8.8
[HIGH] RondoDox: From Targeting Pwn2Own Vulnerabilities to Shotgunning Exploits
Cyber Threats
## RondoDox: From Targeting Pwn2Own Vulnerabilities to Shotgunning Exploits
The Trend Zero Day Initiative™ (ZDI) and Trend™ Research teams have identified a large-scale RondoDox botnet campaign exploiting over 50 vulnerabilities across more than 30 vendors, including flaws first seen in Pwn2Own contests.
By: Deep Patel, Ashish Verma, Simon Dulude, Peter Girnus Oct 09, 2025 Read time: ( words)
Save to Folio
Trend customers can be reassured that they have been protected against vulnerabilities like CVE-2023-1389 since it was disclosed at Pwn2Own.
Below is the timeline showing key events in the RondoDox vulnerability, from discovery to exploitation:
December 6, 2022: Tri Dang and Bien Pham (@bienpnn) from Qrious Secure exploit the WAN interface of TP-Link AX1800 at Pwn2Ow
Trendmicro
RondoDox: From Targeting Pwn2Own Vulnerabilities to Shotgunning Exploits
blogs_trendmicro·2025-10-09
RondoDox: From Targeting Pwn2Own Vulnerabilities to Shotgunning Exploits
Cyber Threats
# RondoDox: From Targeting Pwn2Own Vulnerabilities to Shotgunning Exploits
Trend™ Research and ZDI Threat Hunters have identified a large-scale RondoDox botnet campaign exploiting over 50 vulnerabilities across more than 30 vendors, including flaws first seen in Pwn2Own contests.
By: Deep Patel, Ashish Verma, Simon Dulude, Peter Girnus
2025/10/09
Read time: ( words)
Save to Folio
Key takeaways
- The campaign exposes organizations to the risks of data exfiltration, persistent network compromise, and operational disruption for organizations with exposed infrastructure.
- Organizations operating internet-facing network devices are at heightened risk. Active exploitation has been observed globally since mid-2025, with several CVEs now included in CISA’s Known Exploited Vul
Trendmicro
RondoDox: From Targeting Pwn2Own Vulnerabilities to Shotgunning Exploits
blogs_trendmicro·2025-10-09·CVSS 8.8
[HIGH] RondoDox: From Targeting Pwn2Own Vulnerabilities to Shotgunning Exploits
Cyber Threats
## RondoDox: From Targeting Pwn2Own Vulnerabilities to Shotgunning Exploits
Trend™ Research and ZDI Threat Hunters have identified a large-scale RondoDox botnet campaign exploiting over 50 vulnerabilities across more than 30 vendors, including flaws first seen in Pwn2Own contests.
By: Deep Patel, Ashish Verma, Simon Dulude, Peter Girnus 2025/10/09 Read time: ( words)
Save to Folio
Trend customers can be reassured that they have been protected against vulnerabilities like CVE-2023-1389 since it was disclosed at Pwn2Own.
Below is the timeline showing key events in the RondoDox vulnerability, from discovery to exploitation:
December 6, 2022: Tri Dang and Bien Pham (@bienpnn) from Qrious Secure exploit the WAN interface of TP-Link AX1800 at Pwn2Own Toronto 2022 .
January
Trendmicro
RondoDox: From Targeting Pwn2Own Vulnerabilities to Shotgunning Exploits
blogs_trendmicro·2025-10-09·CVSS 8.8
[HIGH] RondoDox: From Targeting Pwn2Own Vulnerabilities to Shotgunning Exploits
Ciberamenazas
## RondoDox: From Targeting Pwn2Own Vulnerabilities to Shotgunning Exploits
The Trend Zero Day Initiative™ (ZDI) and Trend™ Research teams have identified a large-scale RondoDox botnet campaign exploiting over 50 vulnerabilities across more than 30 vendors, including flaws first seen in Pwn2Own contests.
By: Deep Patel, Ashish Verma, Simon Dulude, Peter Girnus Oct 09, 2025 Read time: ( words)
Save to Folio
Trend customers can be reassured that they have been protected against vulnerabilities like CVE-2023-1389 since it was disclosed at Pwn2Own.
Below is the timeline showing key events in the RondoDox vulnerability, from discovery to exploitation:
December 6, 2022: Tri Dang and Bien Pham (@bienpnn) from Qrious Secure exploit the WAN interface of TP-Link AX1800 at Pwn2Ow
Bleepingcomputer
RondoDox botnet targets 56 n-day flaws in worldwide attacks
blogs_bleepingcomputer·2025-10-09·CVSS 8.8
[HIGH] RondoDox botnet targets 56 n-day flaws in worldwide attacks
## RondoDox botnet targets 56 n-day flaws in worldwide attacks
## Bill Toulas
A new large-scale botnet called RondoDox is targeting 56 vulnerabilities in more than 30 distinct devices, including flaws first disclosed during Pwn2Own hacking competitions.
The attacker focuses on a wide range of exposed devices, including DVRs, NVRs, CCTV systems, and web servers and have been active since June.
The RondoDox botnet leverages what Trend Micro researchers call an “exploit shotgun” strategy, where numerous exploits are used simultaneously to maximize the infections, even if the activity is very noisy.
Since FortiGuard Labs discovered RondoDox , the botnet appears to have expanded the list of exploited vulnerabilities, which included CVE-2024-3721 and CVE-2024-12856.
## Mass n-day exploitat
2025-06-03
Published
Exploited in the wild