cbcvebase.
CVE-2025-68613
published 2025-12-19

CVE-2025-68613: n8n is an open source workflow automation platform. Versions starting with 0.211.0 and prior to 1.120.4, 1.121.1, and 1.122.0 contain a critical Remote Code…

PriorityP195high8.8CVSS 3.1
AVNACLPRLUINSUCHIHAH
KEVITWEXPLOITInitial access
CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilitydue 2026-03-25
Exploited in the wild
EPSS
97.88%
99.9th percentile
n8n is an open source workflow automation platform. Versions starting with 0.211.0 and prior to 1.120.4, 1.121.1, and 1.122.0 contain a critical Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability in their workflow expression evaluation system. Under certain conditions, expressions supplied by authenticated users during workflow configuration may be evaluated in an execution context that is not sufficiently isolated from the underlying runtime. An authenticated attacker could abuse this behavior to execute arbitrary code with the privileges of the n8n process. Successful exploitation may lead to full compromise of the affected instance, including unauthorized access to sensitive data, modification of workflows, and execution of system-level operations. This issue has been fixed in versions 1.120.4, 1.121.1, and 1.122.0. Users are strongly advised to upgrade to a patched version, which introduces additional safeguards to restrict expression evaluation. If upgrading is not immediately possible, administrators should consider the following temporary mitigations: Limit workflow creation and editing permissions to fully trusted users only; and/or deploy n8n in a hardened environment with restricted operating system privileges and network access to reduce the impact of potential exploitation. These workarounds do not fully eliminate the risk and should only be used as short-term measures.

Affected

15 ranges
VendorProductVersion rangeFixed in
n8n-ion8n< 1.123.221.123.22
n8n-ion8n
n8n-ion8n
n8nn8n< 1.123.221.123.22
n8nn8n
n8nn8n>= 0 < 1.123.171.123.17
n8nn8n>= 0 < 1.123.221.123.22
n8nn8n>= 0.211.0 < 1.120.41.120.4
n8nn8n>= 0.211.0 < 1.120.41.120.4
n8nn8n>= 1.121.0 < 1.121.11.121.1
n8nn8n>= 2.0.0 < 2.9.32.9.3
n8nn8n>= 2.0.0 < 2.5.22.5.2
n8nn8n>= 2.0.0 < 2.9.32.9.3
n8nn8n>= 2.10.0 < 2.10.12.10.1
n8nn8n>= 2.10.0 < 2.10.12.10.1

Detection & IOCsextracted from sources · hover to see the quote

url/rest/login
url/rest/workflows
url/rest/workflows/{{workflow_id}}/run
url/rest/executions/{{execution_id}}
command={{ (function() { var require = this.process.mainModule.require; var execSync = require('child_process').execSync; return execSync('whoami && id && uname -a').toString(); })() }}
processthis.process.mainModule.require
path/signin
  • Detect POST requests to /rest/workflows containing n8n-nodes-base.set node with expression values matching the pattern `this.process.mainModule.require` or `child_process` inside {{ }} delimiters — indicative of CVE-2025-68613 RCE exploitation.
  • Monitor n8n REST API endpoints /rest/workflows (POST), /rest/workflows/<id>/run (POST), and /rest/executions/<id> (GET) in sequence from the same authenticated session — this pattern matches the exploit chain for CVE-2025-68613.
  • Alert on workflow expression payloads containing the regex pattern `uid=[0-9]+\([a-zA-Z0-9_-]+\)` in n8n execution results — this indicates successful RCE and command output exfiltration.
  • Review all n8n workflows for suspicious expressions, particularly those referencing `process.mainModule`, `child_process`, `execSync`, or `constructor` within {{ }} expression blocks.
  • Insikt Group published a Nuclei template for CVE-2025-68613 in December — use it to identify vulnerable n8n instances in your environment.
  • The vulnerability affects n8n versions >= 0.211.0 and < 1.120.4, < 1.121.1, < 1.122.0 — use version fingerprinting via the /signin page (base64-encoded content) to identify unpatched instances.
  • ·The Metasploit module uses a Schedule Trigger node to automatically fire and evaluate the malicious payload — defenders should note that exploitation does not require manual workflow execution.
  • ·Post-exploitation impact includes theft of all stored credentials (API keys, OAuth tokens), sensitive configuration files, and potential pivot to connected cloud accounts and AI workflow hijacking.

CVSS provenance

nvdv3.18.8HIGHCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
ghsa8.8HIGH
osv8.8HIGH
vulncheck10.0CRITICAL
cisa8.8HIGH
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