CVE-2026-23361
published 2026-03-25CVE-2026-23361: In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: PCI: dwc: ep: Flush MSI-X write before unmapping its ATU entry Endpoint drivers use…
PriorityP341high7.8CVSS 3.1
AVLACLPRLUINSUCHIHAH
EPSS
0.17%
6.4th percentile
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
PCI: dwc: ep: Flush MSI-X write before unmapping its ATU entry
Endpoint drivers use dw_pcie_ep_raise_msix_irq() to raise an MSI-X
interrupt to the host using a writel(), which generates a PCI posted write
transaction. There's no completion for posted writes, so the writel() may
return before the PCI write completes. dw_pcie_ep_raise_msix_irq() also
unmaps the outbound ATU entry used for the PCI write, so the write races
with the unmap.
If the PCI write loses the race with the ATU unmap, the write may corrupt
host memory or cause IOMMU errors, e.g., these when running fio with a
larger queue depth against nvmet-pci-epf:
arm-smmu-v3 fc900000.iommu: 0x0000010000000010
arm-smmu-v3 fc900000.iommu: 0x0000020000000000
arm-smmu-v3 fc900000.iommu: 0x000000090000f040
arm-smmu-v3 fc900000.iommu: 0x0000000000000000
arm-smmu-v3 fc900000.iommu: event: F_TRANSLATION client: 0000:01:00.0 sid: 0x100 ssid: 0x0 iova: 0x90000f040 ipa: 0x0
arm-smmu-v3 fc900000.iommu: unpriv data write s1 "Input address caused fault" stag: 0x0
Flush the write by performing a readl() of the same address to ensure that
the write has reached the destination before the ATU entry is unmapped.
The same problem was solved for dw_pcie_ep_raise_msi_irq() in commit
8719c64e76bf ("PCI: dwc: ep: Cache MSI outbound iATU mapping"), but there
it was solved by dedicating an outbound iATU only for MSI. We can't do the
same for MSI-X because each vector can have a different msg_addr and the
msg_addr may be changed while the vector is masked.
[bhelgaas: commit log]
Affected
49 ranges· showing 25
| Vendor | Product | Version range | Fixed in |
|---|---|---|---|
| debian | linux | < linux 6.19.8-1 (forky) | linux 6.19.8-1 (forky) |
| linux | linux | — | — |
| linux | linux | >= beb4641a787df79a1423a8789d185b6b78fcbfea < 1d35fc94cd723ae27371a31f404685a24b097d71 | 1d35fc94cd723ae27371a31f404685a24b097d71 |
| linux | linux | >= beb4641a787df79a1423a8789d185b6b78fcbfea < 5e2fc90018635fc982d39f8c11cd3b368fdaf3b7 | 5e2fc90018635fc982d39f8c11cd3b368fdaf3b7 |
| linux | linux | >= beb4641a787df79a1423a8789d185b6b78fcbfea < a7afb8f810c04845fdfc58c57d9cf0cc5f23ced0 | a7afb8f810c04845fdfc58c57d9cf0cc5f23ced0 |
| linux | linux | >= beb4641a787df79a1423a8789d185b6b78fcbfea < 6f60a783860c77b309f7d81003b6a0c73feca49e | 6f60a783860c77b309f7d81003b6a0c73feca49e |
| linux | linux | >= beb4641a787df79a1423a8789d185b6b78fcbfea < eaa6a56801ddd2d9b4980f19e7fe002b00994804 | eaa6a56801ddd2d9b4980f19e7fe002b00994804 |
| linux | linux | >= beb4641a787df79a1423a8789d185b6b78fcbfea < c22533c66ccae10511ad6a7afc34bb26c47577e3 | c22533c66ccae10511ad6a7afc34bb26c47577e3 |
| linux | linux_kernel | — | — |
| linux | linux_kernel | — | — |
| linux | linux_kernel | — | — |
| linux | linux_kernel | — | — |
| linux | linux_kernel | — | — |
| linux | linux_kernel | — | — |
| linux | linux_kernel | — | — |
| linux | linux_kernel | — | — |
| linux | linux_kernel | >= 0 < 6.19.8-1 | 6.19.8-1 |
| linux | linux_kernel | >= 4.19.0 < 6.12.77 | 6.12.77 |
| linux | linux_kernel | >= 4.19.1 < 6.12.77 | 6.12.77 |
| linux | linux_kernel | >= 6.13 < 6.18.17 | 6.18.17 |
| linux | linux_kernel | >= 6.13.0 < 6.18.17 | 6.18.17 |
| linux | linux_kernel | >= 6.19 < 6.19.7 | 6.19.7 |
| linux | linux_kernel | >= 6.19.0 < 6.19.7 | 6.19.7 |
| msrc | azl3_kernel_6.6.126.1-1_on_azure_linux_3.0 | — | — |
| ubuntu | linux | — | — |
CVSS provenance
nvdv3.17.8HIGHCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
vendor_msrc7.1HIGH
vendor_redhat5.5MEDIUM
vendor_ubuntu2.0LOW
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Ubuntu
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It was discovered that some AMD Zen 2 processors did not properly isolate
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It was discovered that some AMD Zen 5 processors supporting RDSEED
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It was discovered that some AMD processors did not properly clear data in
the floating point divider unit during speculative execution. A local
attacker could use this to expose sensitive information. (CVE-2025-54505)
It was discovered that some AMD Zen 2 processors did not properly isolate
shared resources in the operation cache. A local attacker could possibly
use this issue to corrupt instructions executed at a higher privilege
level, resulting in privilege escalation. (CVE-2025-54518)
It was discovered that some AMD Zen 5 processors supporting RDSEED
instruction did not properly handle entropy, potentially resulting in the
consumption of insufficiently random values. A l
Ubuntu
Linux kernel (Azure FIPS) vulnerabilities
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CVE-2026-46073 [LOW] Linux kernel (Azure FIPS) vulnerabilities
Title: Linux kernel (Azure FIPS) vulnerabilities
Summary: Several security issues were fixed in the Linux kernel.
It was discovered that some AMD processors did not properly clear data in
the floating point divider unit during speculative execution. A local
attacker could use this to expose sensitive information. (CVE-2025-54505)
It was discovered that some AMD Zen 2 processors did not properly isolate
shared resources in the operation cache. A local attacker could possibly
use this issue to corrupt instructions executed at a higher privilege
level, resulting in privilege escalation. (CVE-2025-54518)
It was discovered that some AMD Zen 5 processors supporting RDSEED
instruction did not properly handle entropy, potentially resulting in the
consumption of insufficiently random values. A
Ubuntu
Linux kernel (Azure CVM) vulnerabilities
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Title: Linux kernel (Azure CVM) vulnerabilities
Summary: Several security issues were fixed in the Linux kernel.
It was discovered that some AMD processors did not properly clear data in
the floating point divider unit during speculative execution. A local
attacker could use this to expose sensitive information. (CVE-2025-54505)
It was discovered that some AMD Zen 2 processors did not properly isolate
shared resources in the operation cache. A local attacker could possibly
use this issue to corrupt instructions executed at a higher privilege
level, resulting in privilege escalation. (CVE-2025-54518)
It was discovered that some AMD Zen 5 processors supporting RDSEED
instruction did not properly handle entropy, potentially resulting in the
consumption of insufficiently random values. A l
Ubuntu
Linux kernel (Azure) vulnerabilities
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It was discovered that some AMD Zen 2 processors did not properly isolate
shared resources in the operation cache. A local attacker could possibly
use this issue to corrupt instructions executed at a higher privilege
level, resulting in privilege escalation. (CVE-2025-54518)
It was discovered that some AMD Zen 5 processors supporting RDSEED
instruction did not properly handle entropy, potentially resulting in the
consumption of insufficiently random values. A local
Ubuntu
Linux kernel (AWS) vulnerabilities
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It was discovered that some AMD Zen 2 processors did not properly isolate
shared resources in the operation cache. A local attacker could possibly
use this issue to corrupt instructions executed at a higher privilege
level, resulting in privilege escalation. (CVE-2025-54518)
It was discovered that some AMD Zen 5 processors supporting RDSEED
instruction did not properly handle entropy, potentially resulting in the
consumption of insufficiently random values. A local a
Ubuntu
Linux kernel (Oracle) vulnerabilities
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Title: Linux kernel (Oracle) vulnerabilities
Summary: Several security issues were fixed in the Linux kernel.
It was discovered that some AMD processors did not properly clear data in
the floating point divider unit during speculative execution. A local
attacker could use this to expose sensitive information. (CVE-2025-54505)
It was discovered that some AMD Zen 2 processors did not properly isolate
shared resources in the operation cache. A local attacker could possibly
use this issue to corrupt instructions executed at a higher privilege
level, resulting in privilege escalation. (CVE-2025-54518)
It was discovered that some AMD Zen 5 processors supporting RDSEED
instruction did not properly handle entropy, potentially resulting in the
consumption of insufficiently random values. A loca
Ubuntu
Linux kernel (NVIDIA) vulnerabilities
vendor_ubuntu·2026-07-23·CVSS 2.0
CVE-2026-43129 [LOW] Linux kernel (NVIDIA) vulnerabilities
Title: Linux kernel (NVIDIA) vulnerabilities
Summary: Several security issues were fixed in the Linux kernel.
It was discovered that some AMD processors did not properly clear data in
the floating point divider unit during speculative execution. A local
attacker could use this to expose sensitive information. (CVE-2025-54505)
It was discovered that some AMD Zen 2 processors did not properly isolate
shared resources in the operation cache. A local attacker could possibly
use this issue to corrupt instructions executed at a higher privilege
level, resulting in privilege escalation. (CVE-2025-54518)
It was discovered that some AMD Zen 5 processors supporting RDSEED
instruction did not properly handle entropy, potentially resulting in the
consumption of insufficiently random values. A loca
Ubuntu
Linux kernel vulnerabilities
vendor_ubuntu·2026-07-23·CVSS 2.0
CVE-2026-46073 [LOW] Linux kernel vulnerabilities
Title: Linux kernel vulnerabilities
Summary: Several security issues were fixed in the Linux kernel.
It was discovered that some AMD processors did not properly clear data in
the floating point divider unit during speculative execution. A local
attacker could use this to expose sensitive information. (CVE-2025-54505)
It was discovered that some AMD Zen 2 processors did not properly isolate
shared resources in the operation cache. A local attacker could possibly
use this issue to corrupt instructions executed at a higher privilege
level, resulting in privilege escalation. (CVE-2025-54518)
It was discovered that some AMD Zen 5 processors supporting RDSEED
instruction did not properly handle entropy, potentially resulting in the
consumption of insufficiently random values. A local attacke
Ubuntu
Linux kernel (GCP FIPS) vulnerabilities
vendor_ubuntu·2026-07-21·CVSS 2.0
CVE-2026-46073 [LOW] Linux kernel (GCP FIPS) vulnerabilities
Title: Linux kernel (GCP FIPS) vulnerabilities
Summary: Several security issues were fixed in the Linux kernel.
It was discovered that some AMD processors did not properly clear data in
the floating point divider unit during speculative execution. A local
attacker could use this to expose sensitive information. (CVE-2025-54505)
It was discovered that some AMD Zen 2 processors did not properly isolate
shared resources in the operation cache. A local attacker could possibly
use this issue to corrupt instructions executed at a higher privilege
level, resulting in privilege escalation. (CVE-2025-54518)
It was discovered that some AMD Zen 5 processors supporting RDSEED
instruction did not properly handle entropy, potentially resulting in the
consumption of insufficiently random values. A lo
Ubuntu
Linux kernel vulnerabilities
vendor_ubuntu·2026-07-20·CVSS 2.0
CVE-2026-46073 [LOW] Linux kernel vulnerabilities
Title: Linux kernel vulnerabilities
Summary: Several security issues were fixed in the Linux kernel.
It was discovered that some AMD processors did not properly clear data in
the floating point divider unit during speculative execution. A local
attacker could use this to expose sensitive information. (CVE-2025-54505)
It was discovered that some AMD Zen 2 processors did not properly isolate
shared resources in the operation cache. A local attacker could possibly
use this issue to corrupt instructions executed at a higher privilege
level, resulting in privilege escalation. (CVE-2025-54518)
It was discovered that some AMD Zen 5 processors supporting RDSEED
instruction did not properly handle entropy, potentially resulting in the
consumption of insufficiently random values. A local attacke
Red Hat
kernel: PCI: dwc: ep: Flush MSI-X write before unmapping its ATU entry
vendor_redhat·2026-03-25·CVSS 5.5
CVE-2026-23361 [MEDIUM] CWE-367 kernel: PCI: dwc: ep: Flush MSI-X write before unmapping its ATU entry
kernel: PCI: dwc: ep: Flush MSI-X write before unmapping its ATU entry
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
PCI: dwc: ep: Flush MSI-X write before unmapping its ATU entry
Endpoint drivers use dw_pcie_ep_raise_msix_irq() to raise an MSI-X
interrupt to the host using a writel(), which generates a PCI posted write
transaction. There's no completion for posted writes, so the writel() may
return before the PCI write completes. dw_pcie_ep_raise_msix_irq() also
unmaps the outbound ATU entry used for the PCI write, so the write races
with the unmap.
If the PCI write loses the race with the ATU unmap, the write may corrupt
host memory or cause IOMMU errors, e.g., these when running fio with a
larger queue depth against nvmet-pci-epf:
arm-smmu-v3 fc900000.iommu: 0x000
Microsoft
PCI: dwc: ep: Flush MSI-X write before unmapping its ATU entry
vendor_msrc·2026-03-10·CVSS 7.1
CVE-2026-23361 [HIGH] PCI: dwc: ep: Flush MSI-X write before unmapping its ATU entry
PCI: dwc: ep: Flush MSI-X write before unmapping its ATU entry
Mariner: Mariner
Linux: Linux
Customer Action Required: Yes
Debian
CVE-2026-23361: linux - In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: PCI: dwc: e...
vendor_debian·2026
CVE-2026-23361 CVE-2026-23361: linux - In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: PCI: dwc: e...
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: PCI: dwc: ep: Flush MSI-X write before unmapping its ATU entry Endpoint drivers use dw_pcie_ep_raise_msix_irq() to raise an MSI-X interrupt to the host using a writel(), which generates a PCI posted write transaction. There's no completion for posted writes, so the writel() may return before the PCI write completes. dw_pcie_ep_raise_msix_irq() also unmaps the outbound ATU entry used for the PCI write, so the write races with the unmap. If the PCI write loses the race with the ATU unmap, the write may corrupt host memory or cause IOMMU errors, e.g., these when running fio with a larger queue depth against nvmet-pci-epf: arm-smmu-v3 fc900000.iommu: 0x0000010000000010 arm-smmu-v3 fc900000.iommu: 0x0000020000000000 arm-smmu-v3
VulDB
Linux Kernel up to 6.12.76/6.18.16/6.19.6/7.0-rc1 PCI dw_pcie_ep_raise_msix_irq out-of-bounds write (Nessus ID 303733 / WID-SEC-2026-0861)
vuldb·2026-10-31·CVSS 7.8
CVE-2026-23361 [HIGH] Linux Kernel up to 6.12.76/6.18.16/6.19.6/7.0-rc1 PCI dw_pcie_ep_raise_msix_irq out-of-bounds write (Nessus ID 303733 / WID-SEC-2026-0861)
A vulnerability categorized as critical has been discovered in Linux Kernel up to 6.12.76/6.18.16/6.19.6/7.0-rc1. Affected by this issue is the function dw_pcie_ep_raise_msix_irq of the component PCI. The manipulation results in out-of-bounds write.
This vulnerability is identified as CVE-2026-23361. The attack can only be performed from the local network. There is not any exploit available.
It is advisable to upgrade the affected component.
OSV
PCI: dwc: ep: Flush MSI-X write before unmapping its ATU entry
osv·2026-03-25
CVE-2026-23361 PCI: dwc: ep: Flush MSI-X write before unmapping its ATU entry
PCI: dwc: ep: Flush MSI-X write before unmapping its ATU entry
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
PCI: dwc: ep: Flush MSI-X write before unmapping its ATU entry
Endpoint drivers use dw_pcie_ep_raise_msix_irq() to raise an MSI-X
interrupt to the host using a writel(), which generates a PCI posted write
transaction. There's no completion for posted writes, so the writel() may
return before the PCI write completes. dw_pcie_ep_raise_msix_irq() also
unmaps the outbound ATU entry used for the PCI write, so the write races
with the unmap.
If the PCI write loses the race with the ATU unmap, the write may corrupt
host memory or cause IOMMU errors, e.g., these when running fio with a
larger queue depth against nvmet-pci-epf:
arm-smmu-v3 fc900000.iommu: 0x0000010
GHSA
GHSA-7vjw-7j3v-c8gx: In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
PCI: dwc: ep: Flush MSI-X write before unmapping its ATU entry
Endpoint drivers
ghsa_unreviewed·2026-03-25
CVE-2026-23361 GHSA-7vjw-7j3v-c8gx: In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
PCI: dwc: ep: Flush MSI-X write before unmapping its ATU entry
Endpoint drivers
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
PCI: dwc: ep: Flush MSI-X write before unmapping its ATU entry
Endpoint drivers use dw_pcie_ep_raise_msix_irq() to raise an MSI-X
interrupt to the host using a writel(), which generates a PCI posted write
transaction. There's no completion for posted writes, so the writel() may
return before the PCI write completes. dw_pcie_ep_raise_msix_irq() also
unmaps the outbound ATU entry used for the PCI write, so the write races
with the unmap.
If the PCI write loses the race with the ATU unmap, the write may corrupt
host memory or cause IOMMU errors, e.g., these when running fio with a
larger queue depth against nvmet-pci-epf:
arm-smmu-v3 fc900000.iommu: 0x0000010000000010
arm-smmu-v3 fc900000.iommu: 0x0000020000000000
arm-smm
OSV
CVE-2026-23361: In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: PCI: dwc: ep: Flush MSI-X write before unmapping its ATU entry Endpoint drivers us
osv·2026-03-25
CVE-2026-23361 CVE-2026-23361: In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: PCI: dwc: ep: Flush MSI-X write before unmapping its ATU entry Endpoint drivers us
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: PCI: dwc: ep: Flush MSI-X write before unmapping its ATU entry Endpoint drivers use dw_pcie_ep_raise_msix_irq() to raise an MSI-X interrupt to the host using a writel(), which generates a PCI posted write transaction. There's no completion for posted writes, so the writel() may return before the PCI write completes. dw_pcie_ep_raise_msix_irq() also unmaps the outbound ATU entry used for the PCI write, so the write races with the unmap. If the PCI write loses the race with the ATU unmap, the write may corrupt host memory or cause IOMMU errors, e.g., these when running fio with a larger queue depth against nvmet-pci-epf: arm-smmu-v3 fc900000.iommu: 0x0000010000000010 arm-smmu-v3 fc900000.iommu: 0x0000020000000000 arm-smmu-v3
No detection rules found.
No public exploits indexed.
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1d35fc94cd723ae27371a31f404685a24b097d71https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5e2fc90018635fc982d39f8c11cd3b368fdaf3b7https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6f60a783860c77b309f7d81003b6a0c73feca49ehttps://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a7afb8f810c04845fdfc58c57d9cf0cc5f23ced0https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c22533c66ccae10511ad6a7afc34bb26c47577e3https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/eaa6a56801ddd2d9b4980f19e7fe002b00994804
2026-03-25
Published